Steel Structure Transport and Installation

Transport and installation of steel structures is the final — and often underestimated — stage of any project. Even a perfectly designed and fabricated steel frame can cause problems on site if logistics and erection are not well planned. This article covers what to consider when planning steel structure transport and erection, and how Steel Element OÜ manages this process.

Transport Planning — Dimensions, Route, and Permits

Transporting steel structures requires careful advance planning. Key factors to consider:

• Dimensions and weight — overwidth loads (over 2.55 m) and overlength loads (over 20 m) require special arrangements and transport permits
• Route — bridge load ratings, tunnel height restrictions, and road widths may rule out the most direct routes
• Delivery sequence — arrival on site must be coordinated with the construction programme and crane availability
• Site storage — if structures arrive before erection begins, suitable storage conditions must be provided to avoid coating damage

Steel Element OÜ coordinates transport solutions with the client’s construction programme and ensures structures arrive in erection sequence — a just-in-time approach that minimises site storage requirements.

Erection Method Statement and Preparation

Before erection begins, an erection method statement is prepared, containing: an erection sequence diagram, crane type selection and positioning, temporary propping solutions, lifting point descriptions and safety measures, and erection tolerance requirements. Under EN 1090-2, the erection plan must be developed in consultation with the structural engineer to ensure stability at every erection stage.

Crane Selection and Lifting Points

The choice of lifting equipment depends on element weights, heights, and site conditions. For typical industrial building steel frames, mobile telescopic boom cranes (50–200 t) are most commonly used. Each lifting point must have a calculated load capacity — this information is shown on the erection drawings.

Lifting lugs are welded to structural elements by the fabricator during production, in accordance with the erection plan. After erection is complete, redundant lifting lugs are removed and surfaces are restored to meet corrosion protection requirements.

Erection Tolerances and Geometric Survey

EN 1090-2 establishes erection tolerances that must be met. For example, the permitted vertical deviation of columns is typically h/500 (where h is the column height), not exceeding 10 mm. Frame height tolerance is ±10 mm. After each erection phase, a geometric survey is carried out and the results are recorded in the erection inspection report.

Quality Control During Erection

During erection, the following are inspected: bolt tightening of connections (EN 1090-2 requirements for specific fastener types), site welds performed on site (in accordance with welding quality requirements), coating condition (transport and erection must not damage the protective finish), and CE marking correspondence to the delivered structures.

Completion Record and Handover

On completion of erection, a completion record is drawn up confirming that the steel frame has been installed in accordance with the design and applicable standards. The completion record, together with all erection and inspection documents, is handed over to the client. This documentation is also required for building permit closure and occupancy certificate applications.

Steel Element OÜ provides a full-service offering from design through to the erection completion record. Learn more about our production capabilities and services and request a personalised quote for your project.